detraho Latin · revision 8217
16 Oct 2026, 15:35 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la trahō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdeː.tra.(ɦ)oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdɛː.tra.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''dētrahō''' (present infinitive dētrahere, perfect active dētrāxī, supine dētractum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ Plautus has ''dētraxe'' for ''dētraxisse''.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[dē-]] “down, away” and [[trahō]] “to drag”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of pulling something off.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to pull off, strip off, as in Plautus, in Lucretius to draw off blood, and in Columella to pull down.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant to withdraw troops, to bring someone to a place, to take away wrongfully, and to rid someone of something.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it also meant to detract from someone in speech, to disparage, and to leave out, omit.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to slander, take away, distort.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''detrarre'' and Spanish ''detraer'', and its participle ''dētractus'' gave [[en|detract]] in the early 15th century, first meaning “to disparage”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of pulling off.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of drawing off fluids.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of disparaging.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * early 15th century – English ''detract'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To pull off, strip off; to draw off.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To pull down.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To withdraw; to bring.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To take away; to rid of.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|disparage]], [[m|en|detract]] from.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To omit.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[dētractiō]]
+ * [[dētractor]]
+ * [[dētractus]]
+ * [[dētractō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[abstrahō]]
+ * [[attrahō]]
+ * [[circumtrahō]]
+ * [[contrahō]]
+ * [[distrahō]]
+ * [[extrahō]]
+ * [[intertrahō]]
+ * [[intrahō]]
+ * [[obtrahō]]
+ * [[pertrahō]]
+ * [[trahō]]
+ * [[en|detract]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}