distraho Latin · revision 8215
16 Oct 2026, 15:35 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la trahō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdɪs.tra.(ɦ)oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdis.tra.o]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''distrahō''' (present infinitive distrahere, perfect active distrāxī, supine distractum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[dis-]] “apart” and [[trahō]] “to drag”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of pulling something to pieces.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to pull apart, to pieces, as in Plautus, and in Cicero to break up a group.^(OLD 2012) In Terence it meant to part people forcibly and to break up an association, and in Lucilius to sell off.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant to separate ideas and to pull someone in several directions, to distract, and in Livy to divide into parties, estrange.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to divide forcibly, distract, perplex.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''distrarre'', French ''distraire'' and Spanish ''distraer'', and its participle ''distractus'' gave [[en|distract]] in the late 14th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of pulling apart.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of selling off.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of distracting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''distract'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To pull apart; to break up.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To part, separate.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To sell off.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To divide; to estrange.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|distract]], torment with conflicting impulses.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[distractiō]]
+ * [[distractor]]
+ * [[distractus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[abstrahō]]
+ * [[attrahō]]
+ * [[circumtrahō]]
+ * [[contrahō]]
+ * [[dētrahō]]
+ * [[extrahō]]
+ * [[intertrahō]]
+ * [[intrahō]]
+ * [[obtrahō]]
+ * [[pertrahō]]
+ * [[trahō]]
+ * [[en|distract]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}