tempest English · revision 819
10 Oct 2026, 23:56 by bogdan “New entry from the dictionary sources (AHD, Barnhart, Etymonline, MW, OED, RHWU, Wiktionary, Hoad, MED, Word Origins)” current version
Initial text
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA: /ˈtɛm.pəst/^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is [[inh|enm|tempeste]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(MW Collegiate)^(MED) [[bor|fro|tempeste|t=storm; commotion]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) [[der|la-vul|*tempesta]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) an alteration of [[la|tempestās|t=season, weather; storm]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) from ''tempus'' “time, season”.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ A violent windstorm, usually with rain, hail, snow or thunder (c. 1250 in the OED; about 1275 in Barnhart; late 13th century in Etymonline).^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MED)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ The Latin sense developed from “period of time” to “period of weather”, then “bad weather” and “storm”.^(Etymonline) Words for weather have often come from words for time across European languages.^(Etymonline) In English the figurative sense, a violent commotion or tumult, is recorded from the early 14th century.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995) The OED also records the meanings “calamity” (c. 1330, obsolete), “a crowded fashionable gathering” (1746) and “a person of stormy temper” (1852).^(OED 1989) The phrase ''tempest in a teapot'', a great fuss over a small matter, is attested by 1818.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 1250 – a violent storm.^(OED 1989)
+ * c. 1315 – a violent commotion.^(OED 1989)
+ * c. 1374 – verb, to disturb violently.^(OED 1989)
+ * about 1385 – ''tempestuous''.^(Barnhart 1995)
+ * 1746 – a crowded assembly.^(OED 1989)
+ * 1818 – ''tempest in a teapot''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Modern meaning==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A violent [[windstorm]], often with rain, snow or [[hail]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)
+ # Furious agitation, commotion or [[tumult]]; an [[uproar]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ===Verb===
+ # To raise a tempest in or around; to disturb violently.^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[tempest-tossed]]
+ * [[tempestuous]]
+ * [[tempest in a teapot]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[temporal]]
+ * [[tense]]
+ * [[temporary]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}