infidelis Latin · revision 8186

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la fidēs}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ĩː.fɪˈdeː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [iɱ.fiˈdɛː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnfidēlis''' (neuter īnfidēle, comparative īnfidēlior, adverb īnfidēliter); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[in-]] “not” and [[fidēlis]] “faithful”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Plautus, whom he dates c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant not keeping faith, treacherous, disloyal.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''fīdus'' is trustworthy by nature, ''fidēlis'' faithful as a moral quality.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Late Latin it came to mean unbelieving, and Ecclesiastical Latin uses it for unfaithful, unbelieving.^(Etymonline)^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for disloyal, guilty of treason, and untrustworthy.^(Niermeyer 1976) British Medieval Latin used it of the disloyal, as Alcuin, who says he was never unfaithful to King Offa.^(DMLBS) Through French ''infidèle'' it gave [[en|infidel]] in the mid-15th century, an adherent of a religion opposed to Christianity.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 796 – Alcuin uses it of disloyalty.^(DMLBS)

+ * mid-15th century – English ''infidel'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Faithless, treacherous, [[m|en|disloyal]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' Unbelieving; as a noun, an [[m|en|infidel]].^(Stelten 1995)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[īnfidēlitās]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[fidēlis]]

+ * [[fidēs]]

+ * [[en|infidel]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes [[fīdus]] from [[fidēlis]].^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}