personalis Latin · revision 8171

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Pseudo-Quintilian|origins=la persōna}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [pɛr.soːˈnaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [per.soˈnaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''persōnālis''' (neuter persōnāle, adverb persōnāliter); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[persōna]] “mask, person” with the suffix [[-ālis]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is the ''Declamations'' ascribed to Quintilian, perhaps of the 2nd century AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant of an individual, personal.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant personal, of a person.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for personal, prominent, of note, and in a law of presentation.^(Niermeyer 1976) British Medieval Latin used it of acts done in person and of personal law.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''personale'' and Spanish ''personal'', and through Old French it gave [[en|personal]] in the late 14th century, and French ''personnel'' gave [[en|personnel]] in 1837.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 2nd century AD? – The pseudo-Quintilian ''Declamations'' use it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''personal'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1837 – English ''personnel'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Of an individual, [[m|en|personal]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Of note, prominent.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[impersōnālis]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[persōna]]

+ * [[en|personal]]

+ * [[en|personnel]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}