casualis Latin · revision 8147

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=la cadō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kaː.suˈaː.lɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ka.s̬uˈaː.lis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cāsuālis''' (neuter cāsuāle); third-declension two-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[cāsus]] “fall, chance, case” with the suffix [[-ālis]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Varro, in grammar.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is the Code of Justinian; he dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Varro it meant relating to grammatical case, and an inscription names a ''Fortūna cāsuālis'', fortune of chance.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Late and Medieval Latin used it for accidental, by chance.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(Etymonline) British Medieval Latin used it in grammar, and as a noun for a word in a given case.^(DMLBS) It was borrowed into Italian ''casuale'' and Spanish ''casual'', and through Old French ''casuel'' it gave [[en|casual]] in the late 14th century, subject to chance.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it in grammar.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 528–534 AD – The Code of Justinian uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''casual'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # ''(grammar)'' Of case.^(OLD 2012)

+ # By chance, fortuitous, [[m|en|casual]].^(OLD 2012)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cāsus]]

+ * [[cadō]]

+ * [[en|casual]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}