anguis Latin · revision 8129

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=inherited|attested=Naevius|origins=ine-pro *h₂éngʷʰis}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈaŋ.ɡʷɪs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈaŋ.ɡʷis]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''anguis''' ''m'' or f (genitive anguis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+ The ablative is ''angue'' or ''anguī''; it is masculine or feminine.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*angʷis]], [[inh|ine-pro|*h₂éngʷʰis|t=snake]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Several languages have a similar stem without the nasal, as [[grc|ἔχις|tr=ékhis|t=viper]] and [[grc|ὄφις|tr=óphis|t=snake]]; de Vaan suggests the /n/ came in by analogy with verbs for “to twist, wind”.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary) Cognate with [[mga|escung|t=eel]], [[lt|angìs|t=snake]], [[prg|angis]], Russian ⟨už⟩ and [[goh|unc|t=snake]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Isidore derived it from its being ⟨angulōsus⟩ “full of angles”, never straight.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan's first attestation is Naevius, whom Köbler dates c. 235–200 BC.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010) The OLD's earliest citation for the plain snake is from Lucretius, but Ennius and Plautus already have snakes of myth and portent.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a snake, serpent, and in Plautus snakes as portents or in magic; in Ovid ''anguis Aesculāpius'' was the house snake, in whose form Aesculapius came to Rome.^(OLD 2012) In Virgil it was used of mythical serpents and dragons, and in Ennius of the snakes on mythical beings and goddesses.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant an image of a snake, and in Virgil, Cicero and Vitruvius the constellations Draco, Serpens and Hydra.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Döderlein contrasts ''serpere'', moving without feet by twisting the body, with ''rēpere'', creeping on small feet.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a snake.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for a snake, a water snake, and the constellation Draco.^(DMLBS) Its derivative ''anguīlla'' means “eel”, and Italian has the learned ''angue''.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 235–200 BC – Naevius uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of the snakes of mythical beings.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of a snake.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of the constellation Draco.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|snake]], [[m|en|serpent]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A mythical serpent or [[m|en|dragon]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # An image of a snake.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The constellation Draco, Serpens or Hydra.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[angueus]]

+ * [[anguicomus]]

+ * [[anguiculus]]

+ * [[anguifer]]

+ * [[anguigena]]

+ * [[anguīlla]]

+ * [[anguimanus]]

+ * [[anguineus]]

+ * [[anguīnus]]

+ * [[anguipēs]]

+ * [[anguen]]

+ * [[anguitenēns]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[serpēns]]

+ * [[coluber]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein's distinction between ''serpere'' and ''rēpere'' bears on [[serpēns]] and ''anguis''.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}