erro Latin · revision 8126

+ {{infobox|confidence=probable|formation=inherited|attested=Livius Andronicus|origins=itc-pro *ers-āje-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛr.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛr.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''errō''' (present infinitive errāre, perfect active errāvī, supine errātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|itc-pro|*ers-āje-]], a verb formed from a noun [[ine-pro|*h₁ers-o/h₂-|t=erring, error]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(Wiktionary)^(OLD 2012) De Vaan notes that the shape matches the root [[ine-pro|*h₁ers-|t=to flow]], so that “flowing to and fro” could have given “erring” already in PIE.^(de Vaan 2008) Nussbaum connects instead the root meaning “to arrive”.^(de Vaan 2008) Cognate with [[xcl|եռամ|tr=eṙam|t=to boil; be restless]], [[got|𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌶𐌴𐌹𐍃|tr=airzeis|t=mistaken]] and [[goh|irren|t=to be mistaken]].^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ De Vaan's first attestation is Livius Andronicus, and the OLD's earliest citation, from Plautus, is of wandering about.^(de Vaan 2008)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Livius Andronicus 280/260 to before 200 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to wander, roam, of people and animals, as in Plautus, and in Ovid of things drifting or flitting.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant to waver, be uncertain, and in Plautus to go astray, to be mistaken, and to stray from virtue, often to play down the offence.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains ''errāre'' as involuntary wandering by one who does not know the way, while ''vagārī'' and ''pālārī'' are wilful.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ Medieval Latin used it of wandering, getting lost and circling.^(MLW) It survives in Italian ''errare'', French ''errer'' and Spanish and Portuguese ''errar'', and through Old French it gave [[en|err]] about 1300.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 280/260–before 200 BC – Livius Andronicus uses it.^(de Vaan 2008)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of wandering and of being mistaken.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of wavering.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''err'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|wander]], [[m|en|roam]]; to drift.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To waver, be uncertain.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To go astray.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be mistaken, [[m|en|err]]; to do wrong.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[errōneus]]

+ * [[aberrō]]

+ * [[aderrō]]

+ * [[circumerrō]]

+ * [[coerrō]]

+ * [[deerrō]]

+ * [[errābundus]]

+ * [[errantia]]

+ * [[erratilis]]

+ * [[errātiō]]

+ * [[errātor]]

+ * [[errātum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[errāticus]]

+ * [[error]]

+ * [[en|err]]

+ * [[en|error]]

+ * [[en|erratic]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[vagor|alt=vagārī]] and [[palor|alt=pālārī]].^(Döderlein 1874) A homograph ''errō, errōnis'' means a vagabond, a truant slave.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}