confero Latin · revision 8118

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la ferō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkõː.fɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkɔɱ.fe.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōnferō''' (present infinitive cōnferre, perfect active contulī, supine collātum); third conjugation, suppletive^(Wiktionary)

+ The perfect is ''contulī'' and the participle ''collātus'' (''conlātus'').^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[con-]] “together” and [[ferō]] “to carry”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of bringing and of betaking oneself.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to bring, carry, convey, and reflexively to betake oneself, go over to a side, as in Plautus.^(OLD 2012) From Plautus it also meant to direct weapons or words, to bestow benefits, and to change into something else; in Terence to devote one's efforts.^(OLD 2012) In Accius it meant to bring together, collect, in Nepos to contribute to a common fund, and in Celsus to help towards a result.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant to discuss, confer, and to compare, as ''ratiōnēs cōnferre'' “to compare accounts”, and to bring together in battle, as ''signa cōnferre'' “to engage”; in Livy to match oneself against another.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to grant, confer, collect, compare.^(Stelten 1995) Through Old French it gave [[en|confer]] in the 1530s; its imperative ''cōnfer'' “compare” is abbreviated [[en|cf.]], and the participle ''collātus'' gave [[en|collate]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of bringing and bestowing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses it of collecting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of discussing and comparing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English ''confer'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To bring, carry; reflexively, to betake oneself.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To direct (weapons, words).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To devote (effort, time).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|bestow]]; to assign.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bring together, collect; to [[m|en|contribute]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To discuss, [[m|en|confer]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|compare]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To bring together in battle; to match (oneself) against.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[collātīcius]]

+ * [[collātiō]]

+ * [[collātīvus]]

+ * [[collātor]]

+ * [[collātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[adferō]]

+ * [[afferō]]

+ * [[auferō]]

+ * [[circumferō]]

+ * [[dēferō]]

+ * [[differō]]

+ * [[efferō]]

+ * [[ferō]]

+ * [[īnferō]]

+ * [[intrōferō]]

+ * [[en|confer]]

+ * [[en|collate]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes simple [[ferō]], carrying something portable, from ''portāre'', carrying a load.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}