praefero Latin · revision 8114

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Caesar|origins=la ferō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈprae̯.fɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈprɛː.fe.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''praeferō''' (present infinitive praeferre, perfect active praetulī, supine praelātum); third conjugation, suppletive^(Wiktionary)

+ The perfect is ''praetulī'' and the participle ''praelātus''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[prae-]] “before, in front” and [[ferō]] “to carry”, continuing Proto-Italic ⟨*praiferō⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Caesar, of carrying something in front.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Caesar c. 50 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to carry in front, as Cicero's ''dextrā ardentem facem praeferēbat'' “she carried a burning torch before her in her right hand”, and in Caesar in the passive to be carried past.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Cicero it meant to display in one's appearance or behaviour, and in Caesar to put forward a statement.^(OLD 2012) From Cicero it meant to give precedence to one person over another and to value one thing more than another, to prefer, as also in Virgil, and in Livy to make one event come earlier.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to carry in front, display, prefer.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle ''praelātus'' became Medieval Latin ''praelātus'', a high-ranking churchman, whence [[en|prelate]] about 1200, and the verb gave [[en|prefer]] in the late 14th century, first in the sense of advancing someone in rank.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of carrying in front.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of preferring.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1200 – English ''prelate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+ * late 14th century – English ''prefer'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To carry in front; in the passive, to go past.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|display]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To put forward (a statement).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To give precedence to; to [[m|en|prefer]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To cause to happen earlier.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[praefericulum]]

+ * [[praelātiō]]

+ * [[praelator]]

+ * [[praelātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[adferō]]

+ * [[afferō]]

+ * [[auferō]]

+ * [[circumferō]]

+ * [[cōnferō]]

+ * [[dēferō]]

+ * [[differō]]

+ * [[efferō]]

+ * [[ferō]]

+ * [[īnferō]]

+ * [[en|prefer]]

+ * [[en|prelate]]

+ * [[en|preference]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}