inicio Latin · revision 8101

16 Oct 2026, 15:23 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la iaciō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ɪnˈjɪ.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [inˈjiː.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''iniciō''' (present infinitive inicere, perfect active iniēcī, supine iniectum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+ It is also spelled ''iniiciō'', the first syllable is usually long, and Plautus has ''iniexit'' for ''iniēcerit''.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[in-]] “in, on” and [[iaciō]] “to throw”, with the vowel of the stem weakened to ⟨i⟩ in the compound.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of throwing something in.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to throw in or on, as in Plautus, and in Accius to hurl missiles.^(OLD 2012) In Caesar it meant to make people rush in, and to lay something on, as earth on a rampart; in Plautus to throw a garment over someone.^(OLD 2012) In Catullus ''manum inicere'' meant to lay hands on, in Terence to drop a remark, and in Plautus to instil a feeling or idea.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to throw in, inject, cause, inspire.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle ''iniectus'' gave [[en|inject]] about 1600, first in medicine.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of throwing in and instilling.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses it of hurling missiles.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of laying on.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1600 – English ''inject'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To throw in or on; to hurl.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To make rush in.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To lay on; to throw over (a garment).^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''manum inicere'', to lay hands on.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To drop (a remark).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To instil, [[m|en|inspire]].^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[circuminicio]]
+ * [[iniectiō]]
+ * [[iniectīuus]]
+ * [[iniectō]]
+ * [[injectus]]
+ * [[superiniciō]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[abiciō]]
+ * [[adiciō]]
+ * [[circumiciō]]
+ * [[cōniciō]]
+ * [[dēiciō]]
+ * [[disiciō]]
+ * [[ēiciō]]
+ * [[iaciō]]
+ * [[intericiō]]
+ * [[obiciō]]
+ * [[en|inject]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}