duplex Latin · revision 8084

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=compound|attested=Plautus|origins=la duo}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdʊ.pɫɛks], [ˈdʊp.ɫɛks]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈduː.pleks], [ˈdup.leks]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''duplex''' (genitive duplicis, adverb dupliciter); third-declension one-termination adjective^(Wiktionary)

+ Horace has the ablative ''duplice''.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[duo]] “two” and [[-plex]] “-fold”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) It may continue Proto-Italic ⟨*dupleks⟩, if Umbrian ⟨tuplak⟩, of uncertain meaning, is a cognate.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of something with a double part and of twice the amount.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Varro it meant folded over, and in Plautus having a double part, as a horse's double spine, and twice as much.^(OLD 2012) In Lucretius it meant two together, in Terence twofold, and in Varro taking two forms.^(OLD 2012) Isidore says man is twofold, inner and outer, soul and body.^(Isidore) Döderlein explains that ''duplex'' is double of countable things, ''duplum'' of quantities that are weighed or measured.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant twofold, double, insincere.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used ''duplex'' for a gold coin.^(Niermeyer 1976) British Medieval Latin used it of things with two parts and of double dealing.^(DMLBS) It was borrowed into Italian ''duplice'', and [[en|duplex]] is recorded from 1817.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of double parts and amounts.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of the twofold.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of two together.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1817 – English ''duplex'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Adjective===

+ # Folded over.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Having a double part; split.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Twice as much, [[m|en|double]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Two together; twofold.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' Insincere, [[m|en|deceitful]].^(Stelten 1995)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[duplicārius]]

+ * [[duplicitas]]

+ * [[duplicō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[duo]]

+ * [[duplus]]

+ * [[simplex]]

+ * [[triplex]]

+ * [[en|duplex]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[duplus|alt=duplum]].^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}