insania Latin · revision 8078

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la sānus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ĩːˈsaː.ni.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [inˈsaː.ni.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''īnsānia''' ''f'' (genitive īnsāniae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[īnsānus]] “mad”, from [[in-]] “not” and [[sānus]] “sound, healthy”, with the suffix [[-ia]].^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of madness.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Cicero; he dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant unsoundness of mind, madness, as in Plautus, with ''ad īnsāniam'' to the point of madness.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant folly bordering on madness and a mad desire, a mania, and in Seneca the rage of natural forces.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant insanity, madness, folly, frenzy.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for madness, as in rules on a Christian who killed himself out of his mind.^(DMLBS) It survives, with the first syllable lost, as Spanish ''saña'' and Portuguese ''sanha'' “rage”.^(Wiktionary) [[en|insanity]] comes from the related ''īnsānitās'', recorded in the 1580s.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of madness.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of folly and mania.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of the rage of nature.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Madness]], [[m|en|insanity]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Folly; a mad desire, [[m|en|mania]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # The rage of natural forces.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[īnsānus]]

+ * [[sānus]]

+ * [[furor]]

+ * [[en|insanity]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}