lues Latin · revision 8076
16 Oct 2026, 15:23 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Carmen Arvale}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɫu.eːs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈluː.es]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''luēs''' ''f sg'' (genitive luis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ Manilius has a plural.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ Its origin is uncertain.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) It may come from [[luō]] “to wash away”, as the OLD and Wiktionary suggest, or from [[ine-pro|*lew-|t=dirt, mud]], with [[grc|λῦμα|tr=lûma|t=dirt]] and [[sga|loth|t=mud]], as Köbler and Wiktionary suggest.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source is the ''Carmen Arvale'', the hymn of the Arval Brothers.^(Köbler 2010) The OLD's earliest citation is from Virgil.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a plague, epidemic, contagion, as in Virgil, and in Seneca a scourge, affliction.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant moral corruption, a corrupting influence, and in Petronius foul liquid.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''luēs'' is an epidemic from morbid matter, ''contāgium'' a contagious disease, and ''pestilentia'' a disease as it spreads.^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant disease, plague, calamity.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for contagion, plague, and a canker or ulcer.^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * Republican period – The ''Carmen Arvale'' has it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of corruption.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of a plague.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A [[m|en|plague]], [[m|en|epidemic]], contagion.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A scourge, affliction.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Corruption.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Foul liquid.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' An [[m|en|ulcer]].^(DMLBS)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[contāgium]]
+ * [[luō]]
+
+ ==Usage notes==
+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[contāgium]] and [[pestilentia]].^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}