motus Latin · revision 8064
16 Oct 2026, 15:23 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la moveō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈmoː.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈmɔː.tus]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''mōtus''' ''m'' (genitive mōtūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[moveō]] “to move” with the suffix [[-tus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source is Ennius, whom he dates 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010) The OLD's earliest citations are from Cicero.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant motion, movement, as in Cicero, and movement of the body; in Cicero also an activity of the senses or the mind, and a manoeuvre.^(OLD 2012) In Quintilian it meant liveliness of style, in Cicero a change, ''in mōtū esse'' to be in flux, and in Celsus an upset of the body.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant a civil disturbance, an upheaval, a passion, emotion, and an impulse to action.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant motion, movement, activity, impulse, initiative.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it of the movement of the body, of light and sound, of the heavenly bodies, and ''terrae mōtus'' an earthquake.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''moto''.^(Wiktionary) [[en|motion]] comes from the related noun ''mōtiō''.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of motion, emotion and upheaval.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of lively style.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # [[m|en|Motion]], movement.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A sensation; an activity of the mind.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A manoeuvre.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Liveliness (of style).^(OLD 2012)
+ # A change, ''in mōtū esse'', to be in flux.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A disturbance; an [[m|en|upheaval]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # An [[m|en|emotion]], passion.^(OLD 2012)
+ # An impulse, prompting.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[submōtus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[moveō]]
+ * [[mōtiō]]
+ * [[en|motion]]
+
+ ==Usage notes==
+ It is also the participle ''mōtus'' “moved” of [[moveō]].^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}