profero Latin · revision 8053

16 Oct 2026, 15:14 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la ferō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈproː.fɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈprɔː.fe.ro]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''prōferō''' (present infinitive prōferre, perfect active prōtulī, supine prōlātum); third conjugation, suppletive^(Wiktionary)
+ The OLD notes that manuscripts often confuse it with ''perferō'' and ''praeferō''.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[prō-]] “forth” and [[ferō]] “to carry”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of bringing out.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to bring forth, fetch out, as in Plautus, and in Lucilius to display.^(OLD 2012) In Naevius it meant to bring living things into existence, in Catullus to utter, and in Cato to produce documents or witnesses in evidence.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant to bring works before the public, and in Terence to disclose.^(OLD 2012) In Caesar it meant to move forward, in Varro to extend a line or area, as ''fīnēs prōferre'' “to extend the frontiers”, and in Terence to put off, postpone.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to bring forth, reveal, cite, and ''verbum prōferre'' to speak.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in French ''proférer'' and Spanish ''proferir'', and through Old French it gave [[en|proffer]] about 1300.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of bringing out.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of producing evidence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of postponing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1300 – English ''proffer'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To bring forth, fetch out; to [[m|en|display]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To produce (offspring, growth).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To utter.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To produce in evidence; to [[m|en|publish]], disclose.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To move forward; to extend.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|postpone]].^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[profera]]
+ * [[prōlātiō]]
+ * [[prōlātō]]
+ * [[prolatus]]
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[adferō]]
+ * [[afferō]]
+ * [[auferō]]
+ * [[circumferō]]
+ * [[cōnferō]]
+ * [[dēferō]]
+ * [[differō]]
+ * [[efferō]]
+ * [[ferō]]
+ * [[īnferō]]
+ * [[en|proffer]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}