offero Latin · revision 8052
16 Oct 2026, 15:13 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Pacuvius|origins=la ferō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɔf.fɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɔf.fe.ro]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''offerō''' (present infinitive offerre, perfect active obtulī, supine oblātum); third conjugation, suppletive^(Wiktionary)
+ It is also spelled ''obferō''; the perfect is ''obtulī'' or ''optulī'' and the participle ''oblātus''.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ob-]] “towards, in the way of” and [[ferō]] “to carry”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Pacuvius, of chance putting something in a person's way.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Pacuvius 220–130 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to put in someone's path, as chance did in Terence's ''fors obtulerat adventum meum'' “chance had brought my arrival”, and in Plautus to expose oneself to danger.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Accius it meant to show, reveal, and reflexively to appear, and in Cicero to bring to someone's attention.^(OLD 2012) From Plautus it meant to provide help and to cause something unpleasant, in Gaius to hand over, in Ovid to hold out, and in Livy to offer; in Cicero ''sē offerre'' meant to volunteer.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to offer, present, and to consecrate to God.^(Stelten 1995) It was borrowed into Old English as ''ofrian'', “to bring forward”, also “to sacrifice”, whence [[en|offer]], and its noun ''oblātiō'' gave [[en|oblation]] about 1400.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius uses it of chance encounters.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of exposing oneself.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of offering help.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1400 – English ''oblation'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To put in someone's way; to expose (oneself).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To show; reflexively, to appear.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To bring to someone's attention.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To provide; to cause (something unpleasant).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To hand over; to hold out.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|offer]]; reflexively, to volunteer.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' To consecrate to God.^(Stelten 1995)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[oblātīcius]]
+ * [[oblātiō]]
+ * [[oblātīvus]]
+ * [[oblātor]]
+ * [[offerentia]]
+ * [[offertor]]
+ * [[offertōrium]]
+ * [[oblātus]]
+ * [[offerumenta]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[adferō]]
+ * [[afferō]]
+ * [[auferō]]
+ * [[circumferō]]
+ * [[cōnferō]]
+ * [[dēferō]]
+ * [[differō]]
+ * [[efferō]]
+ * [[ferō]]
+ * [[īnferō]]
+ * [[en|offer]]
+ * [[en|oblation]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}