qualitas Latin · revision 7950
16 Oct 2026, 14:48 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=calque|attested=Cicero|origins=grc ποιότης}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈkʷaː.lɪ.taːs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈkʷaː.li.tas]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''quālitās''' ''f'' (genitive quālitātis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It was coined by Cicero from [[quālis]] “of what kind” and the suffix [[-tās]] as a calque of [[grc|ποιότης|tr=poiótēs|t=quality]].^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cicero, who formed the word.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant a distinguishing quality, characteristic, property, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Vitruvius it meant the nature or character of a thing, and in Quintilian the nature of a climate, a category in rhetoric, and in grammar the mood of a verb.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant quality, nature, property.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for an attribute, primary and elemental qualities, and active and passive qualities.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''qualità'', French ''qualité'' and Spanish ''calidad'', and Old French gave [[en|quality]] about 1300, “temperament, character”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero coins it.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of a thing's nature.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it in rhetoric and grammar.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1300 – English ''quality'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A distinguishing [[m|en|quality]], characteristic.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Nature, character, ''(rhetoric)'' a category, ''(grammar)'' a mood.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[quālis]]
+ * [[quantitās]]
+ * [[en|quality]]
+ * [[en|qualify]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}