conspiratio Latin · revision 7934

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la spīrō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [kõː.spiːˈraː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [kon.spiˈrat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''cōnspīrātiō''' ''f'' (genitive cōnspīrātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[cōnspīrō]] “to breathe together, agree” with the suffix [[-tiō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The TLL dates it from Cicero, and the OLD's earliest citations are from Cicero, of concord and of conspiracy.^(TLL)^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ In Columella it meant the unison of instruments, literally a breathing together.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Cicero it meant agreement, harmony, concord, as ''cōnspīrātiō bonōrum omnium'' “the union of all good men”, and a combination for a hostile or unlawful end, a conspiracy, and its members.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant agreement, common opinion, cooperation, conspiracy.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for a conspiracy and for champerty.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''cospirazione'' and French ''conspiration'', and Anglo-French ''conspiracie'' gave [[en|conspiracy]] in the mid-14th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of concord and of conspiracy.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of instruments in unison.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''conspiracy'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Unison (of instruments); agreement, harmony.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # A [[m|en|conspiracy]]; the conspirators.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[cōnspīrō]]

+ * [[spīrō]]

+ * [[en|conspiracy]]

+ * [[en|conspire]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}