jaundice English · revision 793

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ˈd͡ʒɔːndɪs/ ''(UK)''; /ˈd͡ʒɔndɪs/, /ˈd͡ʒɑndɪs/ ''(US)''^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[inh|enm|jaunis]], ''jaundis'',^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate) [[bor|fro|jaunice|t=yellowness]],^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) from ''jaune'', earlier ''jalne'' “yellow”,^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(Hoad 1986) [[der|la|galbinus|t=greenish yellow]], from ''galbus''.^(AHD)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)^(MW Collegiate)^(Hoad 1986) The ''-d-'' is unetymological.^(Etymonline) In early use the word was often treated as a plural, like ''measles''.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ A disease caused by obstruction of the bile, marked by yellowness of the skin and eyes (1303).^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Old English called it ''geolu ādl'' “yellow sickness”.^(Etymonline) The figurative sense, a state of mind in which views are coloured or judgement distorted by envy or bitterness, is recorded by the 1620s (1629),^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995) from the association of yellow with bitterness and envy and the supposed yellow vision of jaundiced persons.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) The verb dates from 1791, usually figurative, as in ''a jaundiced view''.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1303 – the disease.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1373 – ''jandis''.^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1629 – figurative, distorted judgement.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)

+ * 1791 – verb, to affect with envy or prejudice.^(OED 1989)^(Barnhart 1995)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Yellowish discoloration of the skin, the whites of the eyes and other tissues, caused by the deposit of [[bile]] pigments, often a symptom of diseases such as [[hepatitis]]; [[icterus]].^(AHD)^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+ # A state of feeling in which views are prejudiced or judgement distorted, as by envy or resentment.^(MW Collegiate)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To affect with jaundice.^(AHD)^(OED 1989)^(Wiktionary)

+ # To affect with envy, jealousy, prejudice or hostility.^(AHD)^(RHWU)^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[yellow]]

+ * [[jaundiced]]

+ * [[icterus]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}