relatio Latin · revision 7916

16 Oct 2026, 14:48 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Rhetorica ad Herennium|origins=la ferō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [rɛˈɫaː.ti.oː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [reˈlat.t͡si.o]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''relātiō''' ''f'' (genitive relātiōnis); third declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from ⟨relāt-⟩, the supine stem of [[referō]] “to bring back, report”, with the suffix [[-tiō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'', of balancing opposites.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates it 86/82 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' it meant the balancing of opposites, and in Cicero the laying of a matter before the Senate, a motion, and the retorting of a charge on the accuser.^(OLD 2012) In Quintilian it meant reference to a standard, and carrying back, as the pen dipped again and again in the ink.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Seneca it meant repayment of a kindness, and in Vitruvius narration.^(OLD 2012) Isidore defines ''relātiō crīminis'' as the plea that an act was lawful because the other side had first done wrong.^(Isidore)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a report, relation, ''relātiō annuālis'' an annual report.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for bringing back, as of the child Jesus from Egypt.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''relazione'' and French ''relation'', and Anglo-French ''relacioun'' gave [[en|relation]] about 1300.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' uses it in rhetoric.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a motion in the Senate.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 84–c. 25 BC – Vitruvius uses it of narration.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1300 – English ''relation'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A motion before the Senate.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(rhetoric)'' The balancing of opposites.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Reference to a standard.^(OLD 2012)
+ # A retort of a charge; repayment.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Narration.^(OLD 2012)
+ # Carrying back.^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A report, [[m|en|relation]].^(Stelten 1995)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[referō]]
+ * [[relātus]]
+ * [[en|relation]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}