attraho Latin · revision 7882

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la trahō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈat.tra.(ɦ)oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈat.tra.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''attrahō''' (present infinitive attrahere, perfect active attrāxī, supine attractum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[ad-]] “towards” and [[trahō]] “to drag”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) It is also spelled ⟨adtrahō⟩, and the TLL says it is not found before Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Cicero, of dragging and of compelling someone to come.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to draw with force, drag towards, as Lollius dragged before the court in Cicero, and in Seneca to drag into a book.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Cicero it meant to compel to come, and in Seneca to bring on.^(OLD 2012) In Seneca it meant to draw by an invisible force, attract, as the sun draws part of the air, and Cicero and Pliny the Elder use it of the magnet drawing iron.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Ovid it meant to bend a bow, in Catullus to draw up the feet, in Celsus to contract, and in Virgil to breathe in.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short call it rare but classical.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to draw to, draw in, drag, force, attract.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''attrarre'' and Spanish ''atraer'', and [[en|attract]] came in the early 15th century, “to draw to oneself”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of dragging and of the magnet.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of breathing in.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of attraction.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''attract'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To drag towards; to drag in.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To compel to come; to bring on.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|attract]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To pull towards oneself; to bend (a bow); to contract.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To breathe in, [[m|en|inhale]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[attractiō]]

+ * [[attractīvus]]

+ * [[attractus]]

+ * [[attractōrius]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[abstrahō]]

+ * [[circumtrahō]]

+ * [[contrahō]]

+ * [[dētrahō]]

+ * [[distrahō]]

+ * [[extrahō]]

+ * [[intertrahō]]

+ * [[intrahō]]

+ * [[obtrahō]]

+ * [[pertrahō]]

+ * [[trahō]]

+ * [[en|attract]]

+ * [[en|attraction]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}