destino Latin · revision 7859

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=ine-pro *steh₂-}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈdeːs.tɪ.noː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈdɛs.ti.no]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēstinō''' (present infinitive dēstināre, perfect active dēstināvī, supine dēstinātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[dē-]] and an unattested ⟨*stanō⟩, from [[itc-pro|*stanō]], from [[ine-pro|*stn̥h₂-]], a nasal present of the root of [[stō]] “to stand”, as also in [[obstinō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The OLD compares [[xcl|ստանամ|tr=stanam|t=to acquire]] and [[sa|स्थान|tr=sthā́na|t=place]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of arranging a purchase.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to fix in place, fasten, as Caesar's yards made fast to the masts.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Tacitus it meant to fix one's mind on something, and in Cicero to resolve on, intend, and to set aside for an end, destine.^(OLD 2012) In Plautus it meant to settle the terms for buying something.^(OLD 2012) From Sallust it meant to designate for a post, and in Horace a woman as a wife.^(OLD 2012) In the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' it meant to fix on as a target.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''dēstināre'' and ''obstināre'' denote forming a resolution as an act of the mind, while ''dēcernere'' and ''statuere'' are political acts.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to define, fix, design, determine, bind.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''destinare'' and French ''destiner'', and Old French ''destiner'' gave [[en|destine]] in the mid-14th century, and [[en|destiny]] and [[en|destination]] come from the same verb.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of arranging a purchase.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of fastening.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of intending.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''destine'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To fix in place, fasten.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To fix one's mind; to resolve, intend.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To set aside, [[m|en|destine]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To arrange the purchase of.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To designate (for a post); to betroth.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To fix on as a target.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[destina]]

+ * [[dēstinātiō]]

+ * [[destinator]]

+ * [[destinātum]]

+ * [[praedestinō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stō]]

+ * [[obstinō]]

+ * [[en|destine]]

+ * [[en|destiny]]

+ * [[en|destination]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it as a resolve of the mind from [[dēcernō]] and [[statuō]].^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}