delibero Latin · revision 7856

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la lībra}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [deːˈliː.bɛ.roː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [deˈliː.be.ro]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''dēlīberō''' (present infinitive dēlīberāre, perfect active dēlīberāvī, supine dēlīberātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[dē-]] and [[lībra]] “balance”, with the verb suffix [[-ō]], “to weigh well”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Paulus' Festus already derived it from ⟨lībella⟩, by which a thing is weighed.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of consulting with someone, and Terence, of deliberating.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to think carefully, usually with others, weigh the pros and cons, as in Terence, in Plautus to take counsel with someone, and in Nepos to consult an oracle.^(OLD 2012) From Terence it meant to consider a matter, ponder, and in Cicero whether to do something.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In the perfect, as in Horace, it meant to have resolved on.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to consider, consult, deliberate.^(Stelten 1995) A different Late Latin ''dēlīberāre'' “to set free”, from [[līberō]], is found in Tertullian, and through Old French ''delivrer'' it gave [[en|deliver]].^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Etymonline) It survives in Italian ''deliberare'' and French ''délibérer'', and its participle gave [[en|deliberate]] in the early 15th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of taking counsel.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of deliberating.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 65–8 BC – Horace uses the perfect of a resolve.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''deliberate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To [[m|en|deliberate]]; to take counsel; to consult (an oracle).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To consider, ponder.^(OLD 2012)

+ # In the perfect, to have resolved.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[dēlīberābundus]]

+ * [[dēlīberātiō]]

+ * [[dēlīberātīvus]]

+ * [[dēlīberātor]]

+ * [[indeliberatus]]

+ * [[dēlīberāmentum]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[lībra]]

+ * [[en|deliberate]]

+ * [[en|deliberation]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}