abominor Latin · revision 7849
16 Oct 2026, 14:35 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Livy|origins=la ōmen}}
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''abōminor''' (present infinitive abōminārī, perfect active abōminātus sum); first conjugation, deponent^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ab-]] “away from” and [[ōminor]] “to forebode”, from [[ōmen]] “omen”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) An active ⟨abōminō⟩ is also found.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Livy, of averting an omen and of loathing.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Livy 59 BC–17 AD.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to avert an omen or evil by prayer, as in Livy and Quintilian.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis and Short cite one who, told that a ruined tomb faced the prow, deprecated the omen, and note that it is not in Cicero.^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Livy it also meant to loathe, abhor, detest, and in Seneca with an infinitive.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''abōminārī'' is to shrink from something as ill-omened, while ''exsecrārī'' is to curse.^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to abhor, hate, detest, loathe.^(Stelten 1995) It was borrowed into French ''abominer'' and Italian ''abominare''.^(Wiktionary) Late Latin ''abōminābilis'' gave [[en|abominable]] in the mid-14th century, and [[en|abominate]] came in the 1640s.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of averting an omen.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it with an infinitive.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * mid-14th century – English ''abominable'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ * 1640s – English ''abominate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To avert (an omen) by prayer.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To loathe, [[m|en|abhor]], detest.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[abōminābilis]]
+ * [[abōminātiō]]
+ * [[abōminātor]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[abōmināmentum]]
+ * [[abōminōsus]]
+ * [[ōmen]]
+ * [[ōminor]]
+ * [[en|abominable]]
+ * [[en|abominate]]
+
+ ==Usage notes==
+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[exsecror]], to curse.^(Döderlein 1874)
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}