praetendo Latin · revision 7816
16 Oct 2026, 14:34 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la tendō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [prae̯ˈtɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [preˈtɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''praetendō''' (present infinitive praetendere, perfect active praetetendī, supine praetentum or praetēnsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[prae-]] “before” and [[tendō]] “to stretch”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) A participle ⟨praetēnsus⟩ is also found.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(TLL)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Virgil, of stretching out, and Cicero, of a pretext.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to hold out, stretch forth, as Virgil's spears stretched forward, and in Pliny the Elder to extend across, as a membrane stretched before the heart.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Livy of places it meant to stretch in front, and in Virgil to put in front as a protection.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant to put forward as a pretext, allege in excuse, and in Tacitus to make a pretence of.^(OLD 2012) In Ulpian it meant to put forward a claim.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to extend, stretch out before, present, pretend.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''pretendere'' and French ''prétendre'', and Old French ''pretendre'' “to lay claim” gave [[en|pretend]] in the late 14th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a pretext.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of stretching out.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a pretence.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''pretend'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To stretch out, hold out.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To extend across; to stretch in front.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To put in front (as a protection).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To allege as a [[m|en|pretext]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To make a pretence of, [[m|en|pretend]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To lay claim to.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[praetentō]]
+ * [[praetentūra]]
+ * [[praetentus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[tendō]]
+ * [[en|pretend]]
+ * [[en|pretext]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}