sacrilegium Latin · revision 7795
16 Oct 2026, 14:34 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Nepos|origins=la sacer, la legō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [sa.krɪˈɫɛ.ɡi.ũː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [sa.kriˈlɛː.d͡ʒi.um]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''sacrilegium''' ''n'' (genitive sacrilegiī or sacrilegī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[sacrilegus]] “temple robber”, from [[sacer]] “sacred” and [[legō]] “to gather”, with the suffix [[-ium]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Nepos, of an impious act, and Livy, of temple robbery.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Nepos c. 100–24 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant the robbing of sacred property, temple robbery, as in Livy and Quintilian, who defines it as stealing a sacred thing from a temple.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Nepos it meant a profane or impious act, sacrilege, as in Seneca.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis and Short say it is not found before Augustus.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Isidore says it properly means the theft of sacred things, and later came to be used of idol worship.^(Isidore)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant sacrilege.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for idolatry, sorcery, superstition, and the fine for sorcery.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Italian ''sacrilegio'' and French ''sacrilège'', and Old French ''sacrilege'' gave [[en|sacrilege]] about 1300.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 100–24 BC – Nepos uses it of an impious act.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 59 BC–17 AD – Livy uses it of temple robbery.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian defines it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 1300 – English ''sacrilege'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # Temple robbery.^(OLD 2012)
+ # An impious act, [[m|en|sacrilege]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' [[m|en|Idolatry]], sorcery.^(Niermeyer 1976)
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[sacer]]
+ * [[sacerdōs]]
+ * [[sacerdōtālis]]
+ * [[sacerdōtium]]
+ * [[sacerdōtula]]
+ * [[sacrāmentālis]]
+ * [[sacrāmentum]]
+ * [[sacrārium]]
+ * [[sacrārius]]
+ * [[sacrātē]]
+ * [[sacrilegus]]
+ * [[en|sacrilege]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}