regimen Latin · revision 7783

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la regō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈrɛ.ɡɪ.mɛn]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈrɛː.d͡ʒi.men]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''regimen''' ''n'' (genitive regiminis); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[regō]] “to rule, direct” with the suffix [[-men]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) A syncopated ⟨regmen⟩ is also found.^(TLL)^(DMLBS) Festus notes that poets use it for ⟨regimentum⟩, citing Ennius.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of the direction of affairs, as reported by Festus.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ From Ennius it meant the management or control of affairs, and in Seneca a controller, director.^(OLD 2012) In Tacitus it meant the steering of a ship, and in Ovid the steering oar, and in Tacitus the management of horses and the guidance of a person.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Pliny the Elder it meant the control of other operations.^(OLD 2012) Lewis and Short say it is frequent only after Augustus, especially in Tacitus, and absent in Cicero and Caesar.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant direction, guidance, government.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for kingship, episcopal dignity, a bishopric and abbatial dignity.^(Niermeyer 1976) [[en|regimen]] came about 1400, first in medicine, a course of diet and exercise.^(Etymonline) Through French ''régime'' it gave [[en|regime]] in 1792, and Old French ''reaume'', influenced by it, gave [[en|realm]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of direction.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of a steering oar.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of steering a ship.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1400 – English ''regimen'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Steering; a steering oar.^(OLD 2012)

+ # The management (of a horse); guidance.^(OLD 2012)

+ # Control, direction, government; a director.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Kingship; a bishopric.^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[regō]]

+ * [[en|regimen]]

+ * [[en|regime]]

+ * [[en|realm]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}