segmentum Latin · revision 7782
16 Oct 2026, 14:34 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ovid|origins=ine-pro *sek-}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [seːɡˈmɛn.tũː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [seɡˈmɛn.tum]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''sēgmentum''' ''n'' (genitive sēgmentī); second declension^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[secō]] “to cut” with the suffix [[-mentum]], with ⟨g⟩ for ⟨c⟩ before the nasal.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Köbler traces it to [[ine-pro|*sek-|t=to cut]].^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ovid, of decorative pieces on garments.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ovid 43 BC–18 AD.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ In Ovid it meant a piece of fabric or metal sewn on garments as decoration, strips of coloured cloth.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Etymonline) In Pliny the Elder it meant a piece cut off, a section, a segment of a figure and a zone of the earth.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Lewis and Short call it not ante-Augustan and mostly plural.^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a piece, segment, part, shaving.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for decorative pieces on garments, explaining it as if ''secāmenta''.^(DMLBS) It was borrowed into French ''segment'' and Italian ''segmento'', and [[en|segment]] came in the 1560s in geometry.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of garment decorations.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder uses it of a section and of a zone.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1560s – English ''segment'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # A piece cut off, a section; a [[m|en|segment]] of a figure; a zone.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)
+ # A decorative piece on a garment.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[segmentārius]]
+ * [[segmentātus]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[secō]]
+ * [[secta]]
+ * [[sectārius]]
+ * [[sector]]
+ * [[en|segment]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}