integro Latin · revision 7746
16 Oct 2026, 14:24 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Accius|origins=la integer}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɪn.tɛ.ɡroː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈin.te.ɡro]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''integrō''' (present infinitive integrāre, perfect active integrāvī, supine integrātum); first conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[integer]] “untouched, whole” with the verb suffix [[-ō]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Accius, of restoring, and Pacuvius, of renewing.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Pacuvius 220–130 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to restore to a former state, make new, as Lucretius' rivers keeping the sea full and food renewing all things, and Tacitus' repairing, and in Cicero to refresh the mind.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Pacuvius it meant to take up anew, resume, as Livy's renewed battle and Virgil's song.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) It also meant to make complete.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to renew, make whole, restore, heal.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle ''integrātus'' gave [[en|integrate]] in the 1630s, and Late Latin ''integrātiō'' “renewal” gave [[en|integration]].^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 220–130 BC – Pacuvius uses it of renewing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 170–c. 90 BC – Accius uses it of restoring.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 96–55 BC – Lucretius uses it of rivers keeping the sea full.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1630s – English ''integrate'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To restore, renew; to refresh.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To resume.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To make whole, complete.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[deintegrō]]
+ * [[integrascō]]
+ * [[integrātiō]]
+ * [[integrator]]
+ * [[redintegrō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[integer]]
+ * [[en|integrate]]
+ * [[en|integration]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}