rage English · revision 7727

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=before 1300|origins=la rabies}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /ɹeɪd͡ʒ/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is Middle English, [[bor|fro|rage|t=spirit, passion, fury, madness]], raige,^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024) from Medieval and Late Latin [[m|la-lat|rabia]], from Latin [[m|la|rabies|t=madness, rage, fury]],^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) related to rabere, to be mad, rave.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988)^(Cresswell 2021) Barnhart and MWU compare Sanskrit rábhas, violence,^(Barnhart 1988)^(MWU 2024) but de Vaan finds the proposed PIE *rebʰ- uncertain and sees no convincing etymology.^(Etymonline) It is a doublet of [[rabies]].^(Barnhart 1988)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Violent anger, madness, passion: probably before 1300, in ''Kyng Alisaunder'';^(Barnhart 1988) madness, insanity, about 1325 in the OED.^(OED 1989)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Its early senses also included rashness, fierceness in battle and the violence of storms and fire.^(Etymonline) A fit of carnal desire is from the late 14th century,^(Etymonline) and in the 15th–16th centuries it could mean rabies.^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) The verb first meant to play, romp (about 1250),^(Barnhart 1988)^(Etymonline) and to be furious from the early 14th century.^(Etymonline)^(Barnhart 1988) Of things, to be violently agitated, it is from the 1530s.^(Etymonline) The rage, a fashion or vogue, dates from 1785;^(Etymonline) Word Origins dates ''all the rage'' to the late 18th century, and ''road rage'' is first recorded in 1988.^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 1250 – to romp (verb).^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * before 1300 – violent anger.^(Barnhart 1988)

+ * late 14th century – lust.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1530s – of storms.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1785 – the rage, a fashion.^(Etymonline)

+ * 1988 – road rage.^(Cresswell 2021)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # Violent, uncontrolled [[anger]], or a fit of it.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Furious intensity, as of a storm or disease.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # A burning desire or passion.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # Aggressive behaviour linked to a setting: ''road rage''.^(Collins 2023)^(Cresswell 2021)

+ # A fashion or [[craze]]: ''all the rage''.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ===Verb===

+ # To speak or act in violent anger.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+ # To move or spread with great violence.^(AHD)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[rageful]]

+ * [[ragingly]]

+ * [[outrage]]

+ * [[air rage]]

+ * [[road rage]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[rabies]]

+ * [[rabid]]

+ * [[enrage]]

+ * [[rave]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}