excedo Latin · revision 7722
16 Oct 2026, 14:21 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la cēdō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ɛksˈkeː.doː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [eksˈt͡ʃɛː.do]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''excēdō''' (present infinitive excēdere, perfect active excessī, supine excessum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[ex-]] “out” and [[cēdō]] “to go, withdraw”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) Terence has the syncopated ⟨excessis⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of passing out of a condition.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to go away, withdraw, as Cicero's ''ex Italiā excēdere'', in Celsus of things to move out, in Terence to disappear, and in Livy to digress.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Plautus it meant to pass out of a condition, and in Terence ''ē vītā excēdere'' to die.^(OLD 2012) In Celsus it meant to project, and to grow to excess, and in Varro to go beyond limits, in Tacitus to be greater.^(OLD 2012) Transitively, in Seneca it meant to leave an area, in Ovid to go beyond a standard, and in Pliny the Elder and Livy to exceed in size or age.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to go beyond, exceed, depart, transgress.^(Stelten 1995) It was borrowed into Italian as ''eccedere'' and French ''excéder'', and Old French gave [[en|exceed]] in the late 14th century, ''excessus'' gave [[en|excess]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of passing out of a condition.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it of dying.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of leaving Italy.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''exceed'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To go away, withdraw; to disappear; to digress.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To pass out of (a condition); to die.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To project.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To grow to excess; of time, to run out.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To go beyond; to be greater.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To leave (an area); to [[m|en|exceed]] (a limit).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To exceed in size or age; to [[m|en|surpass]].^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[excessus]]
+ * [[excessiō]]
+ * [[excessīvus]]
+ * [[superexcēdō]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[abscēdō]]
+ * [[accēdō]]
+ * [[antecēdō]]
+ * [[concēdō]]
+ * [[dēcēdō]]
+ * [[discēdō]]
+ * [[incēdō]]
+ * [[intercēdō]]
+ * [[intrōcēdō]]
+ * [[praecēdō]]
+ * [[cēdō]]
+ * [[en|exceed]]
+ * [[en|excess]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}