resisto Latin · revision 7718
16 Oct 2026, 14:21 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)” current version
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la sistō}}
+
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [rɛˈsɪs.toː]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [reˈs̬is.to]^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Forms==
+ '''resistō''' (present infinitive resistere, perfect active restitī); third conjugation, no supine stem, impersonal in the passive^(Wiktionary)
+
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[re-]] “back, again” and [[sistō]] “to stop, stand”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) Its perfect ⟨restitī⟩ coincides with that of [[restō]].^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of stopping on a journey.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)
+
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant to stop, halt, as Terence's ''resiste'' “stop!”, of things in Ovid, and in Cicero to stop short.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Virgil it meant to break off in speech, and in Cicero to plant oneself in a place.^(OLD 2012) From Caesar it meant to make a stand against an enemy, and in Cicero to oppose a person or argument, to stand in the way of a measure, and to resist a feeling.^(OLD 2012) In Virgil it meant of things to withstand a force, and in Pliny the Elder of remedies to be effective.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to withstand, resist, oppose.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''resistere'' and French ''résister'', and [[en|resist]] came in the late 14th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Timeline==
+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of stopping.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of making a stand.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of opposing.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * late 14th century – English ''resist'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Verb===
+ # To stop, halt; to break off.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To plant oneself.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To make a stand; to [[m|en|resist]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # To oppose; to stand in the way of.^(OLD 2012)
+ # To struggle against (a feeling).^(OLD 2012)
+ # To [[m|en|withstand]]; of remedies, to be effective.^(OLD 2012)
+
+ ==Word family==
+ * [[resistentia]]
+
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[absistō]]
+ * [[assistō]]
+ * [[circumsistō]]
+ * [[cōnsistō]]
+ * [[dēsistō]]
+ * [[exsistō]]
+ * [[īnsistō]]
+ * [[obsistō]]
+ * [[persistō]]
+ * [[sistō]]
+ * [[restō]]
+ * [[en|resist]]
+ * [[en|resistance]]
+
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}