proicio Latin · revision 7714

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la iaciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [proːˈjɪ.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [proˈjiː.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōiciō''' (present infinitive prōicere, perfect active prōiēcī, supine prōiectum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[prō-]] “forward” and [[iaciō]] “to throw”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) It is also spelled ⟨prōiiciō⟩ or ⟨prōiciō⟩, the usual form in inscriptions and manuscripts.^(TLL)^(Gaffiot 2016) Isidore explains it as ⟨porrō abicere⟩ “to throw far away”.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of flinging oneself forward.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to throw forth, of the sea to cast ashore, as in Caesar, to pour out, and in Lucretius to cast a light.^(OLD 2012) From Ennius reflexively it meant to fling oneself forward, and in Cicero to rush into danger.^(OLD 2012) In Horace it meant to throw down before someone, in Varro to thrust forward, and in Cicero to make part of a building project.^(OLD 2012) In Tacitus it meant to lay low, in Cicero to prostrate oneself, and in Caesar to throw away, especially weapons.^(OLD 2012) In Plautus it meant to abandon a baby or forsake a person, in Catullus to waste, and in Cicero to cast out unburied corpses, to give up one's life, and to expose to a fate.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ It was borrowed into Spanish as ''proyecto'', and Medieval Latin ''prōiectum'' gave [[en|project]] about 1400, “a plan”, and ''prōiectiō'' gave [[en|projection]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of flinging oneself forward.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of abandoning.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of throwing away weapons.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1400 – English ''project'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To throw forth; to cast up; to pour out; to cast (light); to blurt out.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To fling oneself forward; to rush into.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To throw down before.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To thrust forward; to make [[m|en|project]]; to jut out.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To lay low; to prostrate oneself.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To throw away, discard; to [[m|en|abandon]]; to waste.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To cast out; to banish.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To give up, renounce.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To expose (to a fate); to abandon oneself.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[prōiectīcius]]

+ * [[prōiectiō]]

+ * [[prōjectō]]

+ * [[proiectorius]]

+ * [[prōiectum]]

+ * [[prōiectūra]]

+ * [[prōjectus]]

+ * [[prōiectē]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[abiciō]]

+ * [[adiciō]]

+ * [[circumiciō]]

+ * [[cōniciō]]

+ * [[dēiciō]]

+ * [[disiciō]]

+ * [[ēiciō]]

+ * [[iaciō]]

+ * [[iniciō]]

+ * [[intericiō]]

+ * [[en|project]]

+ * [[en|projection]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}