globus Latin · revision 7703

+ {{infobox|confidence=uncertain|attested=Plautus}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɡɫɔ.bʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɡlɔː.bus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''globus''' ''m'' (genitive globī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is related to [[glēba]] “clod” and [[glomus]] “ball of yarn”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Wiktionary suggests [[ine-pro|*gel-|t=to form into a ball]], perhaps through a substrate word, given the unexplained suffix.^(Wiktionary) The OLD compares [[non|klǫpp]] and [[gmh|klapf]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of a round mass.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a compact round mass, a ball, as in Plautus, and in Cato a round cake.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant a sphere, as ''globus terrae'' “the globe of the earth”, which he uses to render [[grc|σφαῖρα|tr=sphaîra]], and the spheres of the heavens.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Virgil and Tacitus it meant a dense mass of vapour or clouds.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Cato it meant a close throng of soldiers or people, and in Sallust a clique.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''globus'' is the popular word for anything round, while ''sphaera'' is the scientific term.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a ball.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for a ball of thread and a clot of blood.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''groviglio'', and [[en|globe]] came in the late 14th century, “a large mass”.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a round mass.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of a throng.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of the globe of the earth.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86–34 BC – Sallust uses it of a clique.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''globe'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A ball, round mass; a round cake.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|sphere]]; a heavenly sphere.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A dense mass (of cloud, vapour).^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|throng]]; a band, clique.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[globō]]

+ * [[globōsus]]

+ * [[globulus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[glēba]]

+ * [[glomus]]

+ * [[en|globe]]

+ * [[en|global]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it as the everyday word from [[sphaera]], the scientific term.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}