umor Latin · revision 7698

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Ennius|origins=la ūmeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈuː.mɔr]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈuː.mor]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''ūmor''' ''m'' (genitive ūmōris); third declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[ūmeō]] “to be moist” with the suffix [[-or]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) The spelling ⟨hūmor⟩ comes from a false association with [[humus]] “earth”.^(Etymonline)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler traces it to [[ine-pro|*wegʷ-|t=wet]].^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Ennius, of moisture.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Ennius 204–169 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant moisture, and in Pacuvius bodies of water, as Cicero's water that hardens in the cold.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Plautus it meant a bodily fluid, and in Tacitus the sap of plants.^(OLD 2012) In Virgil it meant a liquid as drunk, ''ūmor Bacchī'' “wine”.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ British Medieval Latin used it for moisture as a basic constituent of things and for the bodily humours.^(DMLBS) Old North French ''humour'' gave [[en|humor]] in the mid-14th century, first “bodily fluid”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of moisture.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a bodily fluid.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of wine.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''humor'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Moisture]]; water.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A bodily fluid; sap.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A liquid, drink.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' A bodily [[m|en|humour]].^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[ūmifer]]

+ * [[umifico]]

+ * [[ūmificus]]

+ * [[ūmigō]]

+ * [[umorosus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[ūmidus]]

+ * [[ūmeō]]

+ * [[en|humor]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}