butyrum Latin · revision 7686

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Varro|origins=grc βούτυρον}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [buːˈtyː.rũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [buˈtiː.rum], [ˈbuː.tyː.rũː]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''būtȳrum''' ''n'' (genitive būtȳrī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|βούτυρον|tr=boútūron|t=butter]], literally “cow cheese”, from [[m|grc|βοῦς|tr=boûs|t=cow]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010) Lewis and Short report that it was said to be a Scythian word.^(Lewis & Short 1879) The form ⟨būtūrum⟩ is also found.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Varro, whom he dates 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010) Lewis and Short cite Celsus and Columella, and Gaffiot Pliny the Elder.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant butter, used in medicine by Celsus and described by Pliny the Elder.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant butter or cheese.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin used it for butter, as in Gildas.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''burro'', and it was borrowed early into West Germanic, whence Old English ''butere'' and [[en|butter]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it.^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it in medicine.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder describes it.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * Old English – ''butere'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Butter]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|butter]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}