beryllus Latin · revision 7662

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Propertius|origins=dra-pro *weḷ-ūr}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [beːˈryl.lʊs]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [beˈril.lus]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''bēryllus''' ''m'' (genitive bēryllī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|βήρυλλος|tr=bḗrullos|t=beryl]], from [[pra|वेरुलिअ|tr=vērulia]], from [[dra-pro|*weḷ-ūr]], the name of a city, according to Wiktionary.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Köbler and Etymonline compare [[sa|वैडूर्य|tr=vaiḍūrya|t=cat's-eye gem]].^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) The spellings ⟨bērullus⟩ and ⟨bērillus⟩ are also found.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Isidore says it is found in India and is like the emerald in greenness, but paler.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis and Short's earliest example is from Propertius, of a sea-green stone from India.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler's first source is Pliny the Elder; he dates Propertius 57/46–12 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a precious stone of a sea-green colour from India, the beryl, as in Propertius and Pliny the Elder.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a beryl, a precious stone.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for cut glass or crystal, and British Medieval Latin for a burning glass, an eyeglass, a gazing crystal and a reliquary.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS) Old French ''beryl'' gave [[en|beryl]] about 1300, and a Vulgar Latin ''*berillāre'' “to shine like a beryl” is perhaps the source of Italian ''brillare'', whence [[en|brilliant]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 57/46–12 BC – Propertius uses it of the beryl.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 23/24–79 AD – Pliny the Elder describes it.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''beryl'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A [[m|en|beryl]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Cut glass, crystal; an eyeglass.^(Niermeyer 1976)^(DMLBS)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[smaragdus]]

+ * [[en|beryl]]

+ * [[en|brilliant]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}