amygdala Latin · revision 7661

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Cato|origins=grc ἀμυγδάλη}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [aˈmyɡ.da.ɫa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [aˈmiɡ.da.la]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''amygdala''' ''f'' (genitive amygdalae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|ἀμυγδάλη|tr=amugdálē|t=almond]], a word of unknown origin.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) The Appendix Probi prescribes ⟨amycdala⟩, not ⟨amiddula⟩.^(TLL) A form ⟨amygdalē⟩ is also found.^(OLD 2012) Isidore says the Greek name means a long nut in Latin.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Lewis and Short's earliest example is from Cato, of the almond.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler's first source is Pliny the Elder; he dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant an almond, as in Cato, Columella and Pliny the Elder, and in Columella and Pliny the almond tree, ''amygdala amāra'' the bitter almond.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant an almond.^(Stelten 1995) British Medieval Latin also used it figuratively, after Ecclesiastes.^(DMLBS) A Vulgar Latin ''*amandula'' from it gave French ''amande'' and Spanish ''almendra'', and Old French ''almande'' gave [[en|almond]] about 1300.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of almonds.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1st century AD – Columella uses it of the almond tree.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1300 – English ''almond'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An [[m|en|almond]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # The almond tree, ''amygdala amāra'', the bitter almond.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|almond]]

+ * [[en|amygdala]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}