spatha Latin · revision 7622

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=Celsus|origins=grc σπάθη}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈspa.tʰa]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈspaː.ta]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''spatha''' ''f'' (genitive spathae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|grc|σπάθη|tr=spáthē|t=any broad blade]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Köbler 2010)^(Etymonline) Celsus has ⟨spata⟩.^(OLD 2012) Isidore derived the sword's name from Greek ⟨παθεῖν⟩ “to suffer”, or from its breadth.^(Isidore)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Celsus, of a stirring blade and a splint.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Celsus 14–37 AD.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant a flat-bladed tool for stirring mixtures, a spatula, as in Celsus and Columella, in surgery a splint, and in Seneca a weaver's batten.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Tacitus it meant a broad-bladed sword.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Pliny the Elder it meant the spathe of a palm, and by misuse the tree itself.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ Köbler records it in the early medieval law codes.^(Köbler 2010) British Medieval Latin used it for a spatula and a broad sword, and the sword as the symbol of a duke's or earl's authority.^(DMLBS) It survives in Italian ''spada'', French ''épée'' and Spanish ''espada'', and French ''épée'' gave [[en|epee]] in 1889; its diminutive ''spatula'' gave [[en|spatula]].^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 14–37 AD – Celsus uses it of a spatula and a splint.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 4 BC–65 AD – Seneca uses it of a weaver's batten.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 98–115 AD – Tacitus uses it of a sword.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1889 – English ''epee'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A flat blade for stirring, a [[m|en|spatula]]; a splint; a weaver's [[m|en|batten]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # A broad-bladed [[m|en|sword]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # The spathe of a palm.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[spatula]]

+ * [[spathula]]

+ * [[spatulātus]]

+ * [[spathulātus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[gladius]]

+ * [[en|spatula]]

+ * [[en|epee]]

+ * [[en|spade]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}