resto Latin · revision 7565

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la stō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈrɛs.toː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈrɛs.to]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''restō''' (present infinitive restāre, perfect active restitī or restāvī); first conjugation, no supine stem, impersonal in the passive^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[re-]] “back, again” and [[stō]] “to stand”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary) Its perfect ⟨restitī⟩ coincides with that of [[resistō]], and Propertius has ⟨restāverit⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of staying put and of what is left over.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to remain where one is, linger, as in Plautus and Pacuvius, and in Ennius to stand firm, resist, and in Lucretius of things to hold out.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Ovid it meant to be left undestroyed, and in Cicero of persons to be left alive, survive.^(OLD 2012) From Plautus it meant to be left over, remain as a residue, and to remain to be done, said or experienced, ''quod restat'' “for the time to come”.^(OLD 2012) Döderlein explains that ''restāre'' means to remain as opposed to having passed away, while ''superesse'' is opposed to being lacking.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to stop behind, remain, stand still, stand firm.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in French ''rester'', Italian ''restare'' and Spanish ''restar'', and it lies behind [[en|rest]] “remainder”.^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of staying and of remaining.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 204–169 BC – Ennius uses it of standing firm.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of survivors.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To remain, stay put.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To stand firm, [[m|en|resist]]; to hold out.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be left, survive.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be left over, remain.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To remain to be done or said; to lie in store.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[restibilis]]

+ * [[restiō]]

+ * [[restitō]]

+ * [[restitrix]]

+ * [[*arrestō]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[stō]]

+ * [[resistō]]

+ * [[en|rest]]

+ * [[en|arrest]]

+

+ ==Usage notes==

+ Döderlein distinguishes it from [[supersum]], to remain as opposed to be lacking.^(Döderlein 1874)

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}