exigo Latin · revision 7558

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la agō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛk.sɪ.ɡoː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛk.si.ɡo]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''exigō''' (present infinitive exigere, perfect active exēgī, supine exāctum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[ex-]] “out” and [[agō]] “to drive”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) Inscriptions have ⟨exs-⟩.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of driving out, spending time and exacting a debt.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to drive out, expel, as Cicero's ''rēgēs exāctī'' “the kings expelled”, in Terence to hiss a play off the stage or divorce a wife, and to remove, export.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Virgil it meant to drive a weapon through, and to complete a task.^(OLD 2012) From Plautus it meant to spend time, ''aetās exācta'' “advanced age”, to undergo, and to exact payment of a debt or tribute.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant to exact services, and in Livy a penalty.^(OLD 2012) From Ovid it meant to demand, require, to inquire into, and in Columella to examine, test, and in Varro and Livy to measure by a standard.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to demand.^(Stelten 1995) It was borrowed into French ''exiger'' and Spanish ''exigir''.^(Wiktionary) Its participle ''exāctus'' gave [[en|exact]] in the 1530s, and its derivatives ''exāmen'' and ''exagium'' lie behind [[en|examine]] and [[en|essay]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of driving out and of exacting a debt.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of exacting services.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of demanding and inquiring.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 1530s – English ''exact'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To drive out, [[m|en|expel]]; to divorce.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To remove; to export.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To drive through (a weapon); to stretch out.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To complete; to make up (a sum).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To spend (time); to undergo.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|exact]] (payment, a penalty, a service).^(OLD 2012)

+ # To demand, require.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To inquire into; to examine; to ponder.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make conform; to measure by a standard.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[exāctiō]]

+ * [[exāctor]]

+ * [[exactrix]]

+ * [[exactus]]

+ * [[exagium]]

+ * [[exāmen]]

+ * [[exigentia]]

+ * [[exiguus]]

+ * [[exīlis]]

+ * [[superexigo]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[agō]]

+ * [[en|exact]]

+ * [[en|examine]]

+ * [[en|essay]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}