exitus Latin · revision 7557

16 Oct 2026, 14:06 by bogdan “New Latin entry (sources: de Vaan, OLD, Lewis & Short, TLL...)”
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+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Terence|origins=la eō}}
+ 
+ ==Pronunciation==
+ * IPA (Classical): [ˈɛk.sɪ.tʊs]^(Wiktionary)
+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [ˈɛk.si.tus]^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Forms==
+ '''exitus''' ''m'' (genitive exitūs); fourth declension^(Wiktionary)
+ 
+ ==Etymology==
+ It is from [[exeō]] “to go out” with the suffix of action nouns [[-tus]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)
+ 
+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==
+ Köbler's first source is Terence, whom he dates 190–159 BC.^(Köbler 2010) The OLD's earliest citation is from Lucilius, of an end.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Semantic evolution==
+ It meant going out, departure, as Caesar's troops cut off from going out to forage, and the means of exit, a way out, also of a difficulty, as in Cicero.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) From Lucilius it meant an end, close, in Cicero the end of one's life, and in Varro the ending of a word.^(OLD 2012) In Cicero it meant a person's fate, a result, outcome, and the fulfilment of a promise.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant death, end, departure, exit, outcome.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for a way out of a field or manor, and a military expedition.^(Niermeyer 1976) It survives in Spanish ''éxito'' “success”, and with the Latin ''exit'' “he goes out” it lies behind [[en|exit]], from the 1530s.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Timeline==
+ * 190–159 BC – Terence uses it.^(Köbler 2010)
+ * c. 180–102 BC – Lucilius uses it of an end.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a way out and of death.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)
+ * 1530s – English ''exit'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)
+ 
+ ==Meanings==
+ ===Noun===
+ # Going out, [[m|en|departure]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # A way out, [[m|en|exit]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # An end; death; the ending of a word.^(OLD 2012)
+ # [[m|en|Fate]].^(OLD 2012)
+ # A result, outcome; fulfilment.^(OLD 2012)
+ 
+ ==Related words==
+ * [[exitiābilis]]
+ * [[exitiālis]]
+ * [[exitiō]]
+ * [[exitiōsē]]
+ * [[exitiōsus]]
+ * [[exitium]]
+ * [[exeō]]
+ * [[en|exit]]
+ 
+ ==References==
+ {{reflist}}