documentum Latin · revision 7545

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Varro|origins=la doceō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [dɔ.kʊˈmɛn.tũː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [do.kuˈmɛn.tum]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''documentum''' ''n'' (genitive documentī); second declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[doceō]] “to teach” with the suffix [[-mentum]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL)^(Etymonline) Varro defines ⟨documenta⟩ as examples given for the sake of teaching.^(Lewis & Short 1879) Lucretius has ⟨documen⟩, and the spelling ⟨docimentum⟩ is also found.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Varro, of an example.^(OLD 2012) Köbler's first source is Cicero; he dates Varro 116–27 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant an example serving as a precedent, warning or lesson, as Cicero's lesson fortune wished us to take of what the defeated must fear, and a proof or specimen.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Apuleius it meant instruction, teaching.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a document, example, proof, warning, specimen.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin used it for testimony, a supporting quotation, a written instrument serving as evidence, and doctrine.^(Niermeyer 1976) [[en|document]] came in the early 15th century, first “doctrine”, and as “official paper” from Medieval Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 116–27 BC – Varro uses it of an example.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a lesson.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of instruction.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''document'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # An example, lesson, warning; a proof.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # Instruction, teaching.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Medieval Latin)'' Written evidence, a [[m|en|document]].^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[doceō]]

+ * [[doctor]]

+ * [[en|document]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}