absentia Latin · revision 7521

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la absum}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [apˈsɛn.ti.a], [apˈsɛn.ti.aː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [abˈsɛn.t͡si.a], [abˈsɛn.t͡si.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''absentia''' ''f'' (genitive absentiae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[absēns]] “absent”, the present participle of [[absum]] “to be away”, with the suffix [[-ia]].^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline) It is also spelled ⟨apsentia⟩.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Köbler's first source is Cicero, whom he dates 81–43 BC, and Cicero contrasts his absence with Piso's.^(Köbler 2010)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant absence, especially from Rome or from duty, as in Cicero and Tacitus.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) The TLL calls it rare, lacking in Caesar, Sallust, Nepos and Livy.^(TLL) In Quintilian it meant absence where presence was required, non-appearance in court, and want of testimonies, and in Apuleius lack of things.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant absence.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''assenza'' and Spanish ''ausencia'', and Old French ''absence'' gave [[en|absence]] in the late 14th century.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of absence from Rome.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 35–95/96 AD – Quintilian uses it of non-appearance.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 125–175 AD – Apuleius uses it of a lack.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * late 14th century – English ''absence'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # [[m|en|Absence]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # Non-appearance (in court).^(OLD 2012)

+ # Lack.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[absum]]

+ * [[absēns]]

+ * [[en|absence]]

+ * [[en|absent]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}