suspendo Latin · revision 7495

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la pendō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [sʊsˈpɛn.doː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [susˈpɛn.do]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''suspendō''' (present infinitive suspendere, perfect active suspendī, supine suspēnsum); third conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[sub-]], in its form ⟨subs-⟩, and [[pendō]] “to hang, weigh”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Plautus, of hanging oneself, and Cato uses it of hanging hams in the smoke.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC and Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant to hang from a point, to hang up for some purpose, as Cato's hams, and in Celsus to put an arm in a sling.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Cicero it meant to make dependent on something, and to kill by hanging.^(OLD 2012) It meant to hold in a raised position, build on arches, prop up, and to keep poised in mid air or in water.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Ovid it meant to step lightly, ''pedem suspendere'', and in Cicero to keep someone in suspense or leave a matter undecided.^(OLD 2012) From Ovid it meant to interrupt, suspend an activity.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to hang up, suspend, hold off, interrupt.^(Stelten 1995) It survives in Italian ''sospendere'', French ''suspendre'' and Spanish ''suspender'', and [[en|suspension]] came in the early 15th century, of a temporary halt.^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of hanging oneself.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of hanging hams.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of keeping in suspense.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 43 BC–18 AD – Ovid uses it of interrupting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 15th century – English ''suspension'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To hang, hang up; to put in a [[m|en|sling]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To make dependent.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To kill by hanging; to hang oneself.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To raise; to build on [[m|en|arch|alt=arches]]; to prop up.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To hold poised; to step lightly.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To keep in [[m|en|suspense]]; to leave undecided.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To interrupt, [[m|en|suspend]].^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[suspendium]]

+ * [[suspēnsiō]]

+ * [[suspensūra]]

+ * [[suspēnsus]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[pendō]]

+ * [[pendeō]]

+ * [[en|suspend]]

+ * [[en|suspension]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}