addiction English · revision 7494

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=borrowing|attested=1604|origins=la addico}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA: /əˈdɪkˌʃən/^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is [[bor|la|addictio|t=an awarding, a delivering up]],^(Etymonline)^(MWU 2024)^(NODE 1998) a noun of action from the past participle stem of [[m|la|addico|alt=addīcere|t=to deliver, award; devote]] (see [[addict]]).^(Etymonline)^(SOED 2002) In Roman law the word meant the adjudging of disputed property, or the assigning of a debtor to the custody of his creditor.^(MWU 2024)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ Inclination, bent, penchant: 1604 in the OED, about 1600 in Etymonline, the late 16th century in NODE.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline)^(NODE 1998)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ The milder sense, a person's inclination, is now obsolete.^(Etymonline) The state of being given to a habit or pursuit, devotion, is from 1641.^(OED 1989)^(Etymonline) In English Roman-law writing, a formal delivery by sentence of a court is from 1625.^(OED 1989) Dependence on a drug is attested in isolation from 1779, of tobacco,^(Etymonline)^(OED 1989) and in regular use by 1906, of opium.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 1604 – inclination.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1625 – in Roman law.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1641 – devotion to a habit.^(OED 1989)

+ * 1779 – of tobacco (isolated).^(Etymonline)

+ * 1906 – drug addiction.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Modern meaning==

+ ===Noun===

+ # The condition of being [[addicted]].^(AHD)

+ # A [[compulsive]] need for a habit-forming [[substance]], such as a [[narcotic]] drug.^(AHD)^(Collins 2023)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[overaddiction]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[addict]]

+ * [[addicted]]

+ * [[diction]]

+ * [[dictate]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}