sufficio Latin · revision 7485

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Cicero|origins=la faciō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [sʊfˈfɪ.ki.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [sufˈfiː.t͡ʃi.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''sufficiō''' (present infinitive sufficere, perfect active suffēcī, supine suffectum); third (-iō variant) conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[sub-]] “under” and [[faciō]] “to make, do”.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Cicero, of appointing a magistrate to a vacancy and of steeping wool in dye.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) Köbler dates Cicero 81–43 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Transitively it meant to put under, as Curtius' foundation laid for a work, to steep or dye, as Cicero's wool, and in Virgil eyes suffused with blood and fire.^(Lewis & Short 1879)^(OLD 2012) It meant to supply, provide, especially as a replacement, and in Livy and Cicero to appoint a magistrate in place of another, whence ''cōnsul suffectus''.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) Intransitively, from Caesar, it meant to be strong enough, equal to something, and in Ulpian ''sibi sufficere'' to be able to support oneself.^(OLD 2012) From Cicero it meant to be enough in quantity, and in Quintilian and Tacitus to be adequate, suffice, impersonally ''sufficit'' “it is enough”.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to be enough, suffice, imbue, furnish, substitute.^(Stelten 1995) Through Old French ''sofire'' it gave [[en|suffice]] in the early 14th century, and its present participle gave [[en|sufficient]].^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of being equal to a task.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of appointing a replacement magistrate.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 70–19 BC – Virgil uses it of supplying.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * early 14th century – English ''suffice'' and ''sufficient'' are recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To put under; to steep, dye, [[m|en|suffuse]].^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+ # To supply, provide, especially as a replacement.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To appoint in place of another; to [[m|en|substitute]].^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be equal to, have enough strength or means for.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To be enough, [[m|en|suffice]], ''sufficit'', it is enough.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[insufficiens]]

+ * [[suffectiō]]

+ * [[suffectura]]

+ * [[sufficientia]]

+ * [[sufficiēns]]

+ * [[sufficienter]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[afficiō]]

+ * [[conficiō]]

+ * [[dēficiō]]

+ * [[efficiō]]

+ * [[faciō]]

+ * [[īnficiō]]

+ * [[interficiō]]

+ * [[officiō]]

+ * [[perficiō]]

+ * [[praeficiō]]

+ * [[en|suffice]]

+ * [[en|sufficient]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}