provincia Latin · revision 7461

+ {{infobox|confidence=unknown|attested=Cato}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [proːˈwɪŋ.ki.a]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [proˈvin̠ʲ.t͡ʃi.a]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''prōvincia''' ''f'' (genitive prōvinciae); first declension^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ Its origin is uncertain; the OLD calls it doubtful and the TLL says little is established, the duty assigned to a magistrate being the earlier sense.^(OLD 2012)^(TLL) Wiktionary suggests a noun from an adjective ⟨*prō-vinc-ios⟩ based on ⟨*prō-vinciō⟩, from [[vinciō]] “to bind”.^(Wiktionary) Lewis and Short suggested a contraction of ⟨*prō-noventia⟩.^(Lewis & Short 1879)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citation is from Cato, of a territory under a governor.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Cato 234–149 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ It meant the task assigned to a magistrate, originally one holding command, and in Plautus and Terence humorously any duty or charge.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016) In Cicero it meant a provincial command, a governorship.^(OLD 2012) From Cato it meant a territory outside Italy governed from Rome, a province, and by metonymy its people.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) In Caesar ''Prōvincia'' was Gallia Narbonensis, modern Provence.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Etymonline)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant a church province, an archdiocese with its suffragan dioceses.^(Stelten 1995) Medieval Latin also used it for a diocese and for a region or country.^(Niermeyer 1976) [[en|province]] came in the mid-14th century, through Old French and directly from Latin.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * 234–149 BC – Cato uses it of a Roman province.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of a task.^(OLD 2012)^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 81–43 BC – Cicero uses it of a magistrate's command.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of Narbonese Gaul.^(Gaffiot 2016)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * mid-14th century – English ''province'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Noun===

+ # A magistrate's assigned task; a duty, charge.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A provincial command, governorship.^(OLD 2012)

+ # A [[m|en|province]], a territory governed from Rome; its people.^(OLD 2012)

+ # ''(Ecclesiastical Latin)'' A church province; a [[m|en|diocese]].^(Stelten 1995)^(Niermeyer 1976)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[prōvinciālis]]

+ * [[prōvinciātim]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[en|province]]

+ * [[en|Provence]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}