obsideo Latin · revision 7444

+ {{infobox|confidence=established|formation=derivation|attested=Plautus|origins=la sedeō}}

+

+ ==Pronunciation==

+ * IPA (Classical): [ɔpˈsɪ.de.oː]^(Wiktionary)

+ * IPA (Ecclesiastical): [obˈsiː.de.o]^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Forms==

+ '''obsideō''' (present infinitive obsidēre, perfect active obsēdī, supine obsessum); second conjugation^(Wiktionary)

+

+ ==Etymology==

+ It is from [[ob-]] “before, against” and [[sedeō]] “to sit”, and is also spelled ⟨opsideō⟩.^(OLD 2012)^(Wiktionary)^(TLL) A form ⟨obsīdō⟩ from [[sīdō]] also occurs.^(TLL)

+

+ ==Earliest recorded meaning==

+ The OLD's earliest citations are from Plautus, of planting oneself and of occupying a place.^(OLD 2012) Köbler dates Plautus c. 250–184 BC.^(Köbler 2010)

+

+ ==Semantic evolution==

+ Intransitively it meant to sit, stay, plant oneself, as Plautus' ''servī nē obsideant'' “let the slaves not sit down”, which Lewis and Short call poetic.^(OLD 2012)^(Lewis & Short 1879) It meant to occupy a place, of crowds to throng, as in Virgil, to fill a space, and in Cicero to usurp a function or to haunt a place.^(OLD 2012) From the ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' it meant to besiege, blockade, surround in a hostile way, to beset roads, and in Lucretius to block a passage.^(OLD 2012) Figuratively it meant to besiege a person's mind, as in Varro, to obstruct someone's business, and of ills to beset, as in Caesar; in Ovid it meant to cover thickly, choke.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ In Ecclesiastical Latin it meant to enclose, beset, remain.^(Stelten 1995) Its participle ''obsessus'' gave [[en|obsess]] about 1500, first meaning “to besiege”.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Timeline==

+ * c. 250–184 BC – Plautus uses it of occupying.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * 86/82 BC – The ''Rhetorica ad Herennium'' uses it of a siege.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 50 BC – Caesar uses it of ills besetting.^(OLD 2012)^(Köbler 2010)

+ * c. 1500 – English ''obsess'' is recorded.^(Etymonline)

+

+ ==Meanings==

+ ===Verb===

+ # To sit, stay.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To occupy; to throng; to fill.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To haunt, frequent.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To [[m|en|besiege]], blockade; to beset.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To assail; to obstruct.^(OLD 2012)

+ # To cover thickly, choke.^(OLD 2012)

+

+ ==Word family==

+ * [[obsessiō]]

+ * [[obsessor]]

+ * [[obsidatus]]

+ * [[obsidiō]]

+ * [[obsidium]]

+ * [[obsidiōnālis]]

+ * [[obsidior]]

+

+ ==Related words==

+ * [[assideō]]

+ * [[circumsedeō]]

+ * [[dēsideō]]

+ * [[dissideō]]

+ * [[īnsideō]]

+ * [[persedeō]]

+ * [[possideō]]

+ * [[praesideō]]

+ * [[resideō]]

+ * [[sedeō]]

+ * [[en|obsess]]

+ * [[en|obsession]]

+

+ ==References==

+ {{reflist}}